vendredi 20 mai 2022

ETUDE RECHERCHE Seasonal changes and decrease of suicides and suicide attempts in France over the last 10 years

Seasonal changes and decrease of suicides and suicide attempts in France over the last 10 years
Marine Ambar Akkaoui  1   2   3 , Christine Chan-Chee  4 , Karine Laaidi  4 , Gregory Fifre  5 , Michel Lejoyeux  6   7 , Guillaume Vaiva  8   9 , Hugo Peyre  10   11 , Pierre A Geoffroy  6   7   12   13
1 Département de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, 75018, Paris, France. marine.ambar@gmail.com. 
2 Centre Psychiatrique d'Orientation et d'Accueil (CPOA), Hôpital Sainte Anne, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, 1 Rue Cabanis, 75014, Paris, France. marine.ambar@gmail.com. 
3 Etablissement Publique de Santé Mentale de Ville Evrard, 202 Avenue Jean Jaurès, Neuilly Sur Marne, France. marine.ambar@gmail.com. 
4 Santé Publique France, 12 Rue du Val d'Osne, 94415, Saint-Maurice Cedex, France. 
5 Météo-France, Direction des Services de la Météorologie, Avenue G. Coriolis, 31057, Toulouse, France. 
6 Département de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, 75018, Paris, France. 
7 GHU Paris - Psychiatry & Neurosciences, 1 Rue Cabanis, 75014, Paris, France. 
8 Univ Lille, INSERM U 1772, CHU Lille, General Psychiatry Department, Hôpital Fontan, 59037, Lille, France. 
9 Centre National de Ressources et Résilience pour les Psychotraumatismes Cn2r Lille Paris, Lille, France. 
10 Neurodiderot, INSERM UMR 1141, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France. 
11 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. 
12 Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, 75019, Paris, France. 
13 CNRS UPR 3212, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
  • PMID: 35581322
  • PMCID: PMC9114420
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12215-3
. 2022 May 17;12(1):8231.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-12215-3.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the evolution of suicides and suicide attempts over the last 10 years in France. We analyzed the number of deaths by suicide and suicide attempts in metropolitan France (2009-2018) from French national databases, on a daily, weekly or monthly basis. Seasonal variation in suicide rates was modeled using a cosinor function. Based on this model, we determined the association of suicides and suicide attempts with geographic characteristics, age, gender, means used and psychiatric disorders. The number of suicides and suicide attempts decreased over the last ten years in France (mean decrease of 14.49% and 11.69% per year). We observed a significant and recurrent seasonal pattern of suicides and suicide attempts in France, with a peak in spring. The suicide and suicide attempt rates were higher in the northern departments of France. Suicides were more frequent for men (75%) and middle-age individuals (45-54 years old), while suicide attempts were more frequent for women (62%) and young adults and middle-age individual (15-19 and 40-49 years old). Nearly two-thirds of the patients who attempted suicide suffered from comorbid psychiatric disorders. Mood disorders was the most frequent comorbid psychiatric disorder (54%). Voluntary drug intoxication was the most common means of suicide attempt (80%), and hanging was the most common means of suicide (54%). The number of suicides and suicide attempts decreased in France over the last 10 years, with large and recurrent seasonal variations. These findings could be used to alert and adjust prevention policies, as well as developing preventive strategies such as chronotherapeutics.
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