ETUDE RECHERCHE Intérêt de la neurostimulation en prévention des conduites suicidaires

Can seizure therapies and noninvasive brain stimulations prevent suicidality? A systematic review

Yiming Chen, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

Charline Magnin, Department of Emergency Psychiatry, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France

Jérome Brunelin, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, CH Le Vinatier, Lyon, France

Edouard Leaune, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, CH Le Vinatier, Lyon, France

Yiru Fang, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic disorders, Shanghai, China
Correspondence Yiru Fang, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China. Email: yirufang@aliyun.com

Emmanuel Poulet, Department of Emergency Psychiatry, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, CH Le Vinatier, Lyon, France

First published: 10 April 2021

Brain and Behavior on April 10, 2021 

https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.2144
Abstract
Background

Suicide is a major public health issue and the majority of those who attempt suicide suffer from mental disorders. Beyond psychopharmacotherapy, seizure therapies and noninvasive brain stimulation interventions have been used to treat such patients. However, the effect of these nonpharmacological treatments on the suicidal ideation and incidence of suicidality remains unclear. Here, we aimed to provide an update on the effects of seizure therapies and noninvasive brain stimulation on suicidality.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review of the literature in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Elsevier ScienceDirect, and Wiley Online Library databases using the MeSH terms “Electroconvulsive Therapy”, “Magnetic Seizure Stimulation”, “repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation”, “transcranial Direct Current Stimulation”, “Cranial Electrostimulation” and “suicide”. We included studies using seizure therapies and noninvasive brain stimulation as a main intervention that evaluated suicidality, regardless of diagnosis.

Results

Among 1,019 records screened, 26 studies met the inclusion criteria using either electroconvulsive therapy (n = 14), magnetic seizure therapy (n = 2), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (n = 9), or transcranial direct current stimulation (n = 1). We observed that studies reported significant results, suggesting these techniques can be effective on the suicidal dimension of mental health pathologies, but a general statement regarding their efficacy is premature due to limitations.

Conclusions

Future enquiry is necessary to address methodological limitations and evaluate the long‐term efficacy of these methods both alone and in combination with pharmacotherapy and/or psychotherapy.

Lire l'article https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/brb3.2144#.YHGTYU74cZg.